@charset "UTF-8";
/* Editorial system: restrained ink, warm paper, botanical accent, structured typography. */
:root{--paper:#f8f6f1;--paper-deep:#eeeae1;--surface:#fffdf9;--ink:#272823;--muted:#77766c;--line:#dcd7cc;--dark:#252b27;--olive:#53604b;--olive-dark:#3d4837;--copper:#a67856;--focus:#795b28;--heading:Georgia,"Noto Serif SC","Songti SC","STSong",serif;--body:"PingFang SC","Microsoft YaHei",Arial,sans-serif;--width:1230px;--gutter:clamp(20px,4vw,64px);--ease:cubic-bezier(.2,.7,.2,1)}
*,*::before,*::after{box-sizing:border-box}html{scroll-behavior:smooth;scroll-padding-top:110px}body{margin:0;background:var(--paper);color:var(--ink);font-family:var(--body);-webkit-font-smoothing:antialiased;text-rendering:optimizeLegibility;line-height:1.75}body::selection{background:#d8e2d0;color:#273126}img{max-width:100%;height:auto;display:block}a{color:inherit;text-decoration:none}button{font:inherit}a,button{-webkit-tap-highlight-color:transparent}p,h1,h2,h3,ul,ol,dl,dd{margin-top:0}h1,h2,h3{line-height:1.24;font-weight:500}p{overflow-wrap:break-word}a:focus-visible,button:focus-visible{outline:3px solid var(--focus);outline-offset:5px}.layout-width{width:min(calc(100% - var(--gutter)*2),var(--width));margin-inline:auto}.skip-link{position:absolute;z-index:100;left:15px;top:-100px;background:#fff;color:var(--ink);padding:12px 20px}.skip-link:focus{top:15px}.masthead{position:relative;z-index:20;background:var(--paper);border-bottom:1px solid var(--line)}.masthead-top{min-height:104px;display:flex;align-items:center;justify-content:space-between;gap:24px}.brand{display:inline-flex;gap:15px;align-items:center}.brand-mark{display:grid;place-items:center;width:55px;height:55px;background:var(--dark);color:var(--paper);border-radius:50%;font-family:var(--heading);font-size:18px;letter-spacing:-2px}.brand-mark span{color:#d5c4a2}.brand-descriptor{display:grid;gap:0}.brand-descriptor strong{font-size:21px;letter-spacing:.14em;font-weight:650}.brand-descriptor small{font-family:Georgia,serif;font-size:9px;letter-spacing:.2em;color:var(--muted)}.top-meta{display:flex;align-items:center;gap:20px;font-size:12px;letter-spacing:.12em;color:var(--muted)}.meta-dot{width:3px;height:3px;background:var(--copper);border-radius:50%}.main-nav{border-top:1px solid var(--line)}.nav-inner{display:flex;align-items:center;justify-content:space-between;gap:18px;min-height:57px}.nav-link{position:relative;font-size:13px;white-space:nowrap;letter-spacing:.05em;color:#686a61;padding:17px 2px;transition:color .25s}.nav-link:hover,.nav-link.active{color:var(--ink)}.nav-link::after{content:"";position:absolute;bottom:0;height:2px;left:0;right:0;background:var(--olive);transform:scaleX(0);transition:transform .3s var(--ease)}.nav-link:hover::after,.nav-link.active::after{transform:scaleX(1)}.menu-button{display:none;background:transparent;border:1px solid var(--line);width:45px;height:43px;border-radius:3px;align-items:center;justify-content:center;flex-direction:column;gap:6px;cursor:pointer}.menu-button span{width:18px;height:1px;background:var(--ink);display:block;transition:transform .25s}.menu-button[aria-expanded=true] span:first-child{transform:translateY(3.5px) rotate(45deg)}.menu-button[aria-expanded=true] span:last-child{transform:translateY(-3.5px) rotate(-45deg)}
.home-cover{display:grid;grid-template-columns:1.03fr .97fr;min-height:650px;align-items:stretch;padding-block:50px 80px;gap:min(6vw,86px)}.cover-copy{display:flex;flex-direction:column;justify-content:center;padding:18px 0 0}.eyebrow,.cover-index,.topic-meta,.article-overline{display:flex;align-items:center;justify-content:space-between;gap:16px;color:var(--muted);font-family:Georgia,serif;letter-spacing:.17em;font-size:10px}.eyebrow{border-bottom:1px solid var(--line);padding-bottom:17px;margin-bottom:auto}.chapter-tag{font-size:13px;color:var(--olive);letter-spacing:.3em;margin:48px 0 22px}.home-cover h1{font-family:var(--heading);font-size:clamp(48px,5.35vw,81px);font-weight:500;line-height:1.27;letter-spacing:.025em;margin:0 0 28px}.underline-word{position:relative;white-space:nowrap}.underline-word::after{content:"";position:absolute;left:0;right:0;bottom:-4px;border-bottom:3px solid #afba9f;transform:rotate(-2deg)}.hero-intro{max-width:490px;line-height:2.1;color:#62655c;font-size:15px;margin-bottom:30px}.hero-actions{display:flex;align-items:center;gap:28px;flex-wrap:wrap}.primary-link{display:inline-flex;justify-content:center;align-items:center;gap:44px;padding:15px 25px;background:var(--dark);color:#fff;min-height:52px;font-size:13px;letter-spacing:.03em;transition:background .25s,transform .25s}.primary-link:hover{background:var(--olive-dark);transform:translateY(-2px)}.secondary-link{display:inline-flex;gap:14px;align-items:center;border-bottom:1px solid var(--olive);font-size:13px;padding:7px 0;color:var(--olive-dark)}.secondary-link:hover{color:var(--ink)}.cover-index{margin-top:auto;padding-top:48px}.cover-visual{position:relative;min-height:580px;background:#d3d0c7}.cover-visual::before{content:"";position:absolute;z-index:1;inset:12px;border:1px solid #ffffff85;pointer-events:none}.cover-visual img{width:100%;height:100%;object-fit:cover;object-position:center 35%;position:absolute;inset:0}.image-label{position:absolute;bottom:26px;right:25px;background:#f5f2e9e8;padding:10px 14px;color:#50574c;font:10px Georgia,serif;letter-spacing:.15em}
.editorial-intro{padding-block:75px 100px;border-top:1px solid var(--line)}.section-top{display:flex;align-items:center;gap:30px;color:var(--olive);font-size:13px;letter-spacing:.14em;margin-bottom:48px}.section-top p{margin:0}.section-numeral{font:24px Georgia,serif;color:var(--copper)}.intro-grid{display:grid;grid-template-columns:1fr 1fr;gap:100px}.intro-grid h2{font:500 clamp(43px,5.2vw,68px)/1.36 var(--heading);letter-spacing:.07em}.intro-grid h2 em,.section-heading h2 em{font-style:normal;color:var(--olive)}.intro-grid>div{padding-top:16px;max-width:520px}.intro-grid p{font-size:16px;line-height:2.2;color:#575b53;margin-bottom:24px}.feature-story{display:grid;grid-template-columns:1.05fr .95fr;background:#e8e6db;min-height:600px;margin-bottom:140px}.feature-media{position:relative;min-height:600px;overflow:hidden;background:#d9d3c5}.feature-media img{position:absolute;inset:0;width:100%;height:100%;object-fit:cover;transition:transform 1s var(--ease)}.feature-story:hover .feature-media img{transform:scale(1.035)}.vertical-caption{position:absolute;left:20px;bottom:22px;writing-mode:vertical-rl;font:10px Georgia,serif;color:white;letter-spacing:.2em;text-shadow:0 1px 7px #0008}.feature-content{display:flex;align-items:flex-start;justify-content:center;flex-direction:column;padding:clamp(35px,6vw,100px)}.subtle-label{display:block;color:var(--copper);font-family:Georgia,serif;font-size:11px;letter-spacing:.18em;margin-bottom:27px}.feature-content h2,.double-content h2{font:500 clamp(34px,3.5vw,50px)/1.48 var(--heading);letter-spacing:.045em;margin-bottom:25px}.feature-content p,.double-content p{font-size:15px;color:#5d6258;line-height:2.1;margin-bottom:27px}.dash-list{list-style:none;padding:0;margin:0 0 36px;width:100%}.dash-list li{border-bottom:1px solid #cbcbbf;font-size:13px;padding:11px 0;color:#5b5d55}.dash-list li::before{content:"—";margin-right:12px;color:var(--copper)}.text-link{display:inline-flex;gap:14px;align-items:center;font-size:13px;color:var(--olive-dark);border-bottom:1px solid currentColor;padding-bottom:9px;transition:gap .2s,color .2s}.text-link:hover{gap:22px;color:var(--ink)}
.theme-index{padding-bottom:145px}.section-heading{display:flex;align-items:end;justify-content:space-between;gap:40px;margin-bottom:35px}.section-heading h2{font:500 clamp(35px,3.5vw,47px)/1.4 var(--heading);margin:0}.section-heading .subtle-label{margin-bottom:16px}.section-heading>p{font-size:14px;line-height:1.85;max-width:290px;color:var(--muted);margin:0}.topic-grid{display:grid;grid-template-columns:repeat(6,minmax(0,1fr));gap:16px}.topic-card{min-height:340px;grid-column:span 2;background:#f0eee6;padding:30px;display:flex;flex-direction:column;border:1px solid #e7e4da;transition:background .25s,transform .25s}.topic-card:hover{background:#e7e9df;transform:translateY(-3px)}.topic-card-4,.topic-card-5{grid-column:span 3;min-height:290px}.topic-meta{border-bottom:1px solid var(--line);padding-bottom:17px;font-size:10px}.topic-card h3{font:500 24px/1.6 var(--heading);letter-spacing:.025em;margin:25px 0 12px}.topic-card h3 a:hover{color:var(--olive-dark)}.topic-card p{font-size:13px;line-height:1.95;color:#686b60;max-width:370px}.topic-end{margin-top:auto;padding-top:20px}.topic-end a{font-size:12px;color:var(--olive);display:inline-flex;gap:18px}.double-feature{display:grid;grid-template-columns:1fr 1fr;min-height:490px;margin-bottom:130px;background:#303930;color:#f9f8f2}.double-visual{min-height:480px;position:relative}.double-visual img{position:absolute;inset:0;width:100%;height:100%;object-fit:cover}.double-content{padding:clamp(35px,6vw,90px);display:flex;flex-direction:column;align-items:flex-start;justify-content:center}.double-content p{color:#d5d9d0}.double-content .text-link{color:#f2e9ce}.closing-note{text-align:center;border-top:1px solid var(--line);padding:90px 0 140px}.closing-note h2{font:500 clamp(36px,4.3vw,56px)/1.5 var(--heading);max-width:820px;margin:0 auto 30px}.closing-note p{max-width:600px;margin:0 auto 32px;font-size:15px;line-height:2.1;color:#686d64}.closing-note .primary-link{margin:auto}
.site-footer{background:#252c27;color:#f6f5ed;padding:70px 0 25px}.footer-grid{display:grid;grid-template-columns:minmax(0,2.1fr) repeat(2,minmax(0,1fr));gap:clamp(40px,7vw,100px);padding-bottom:65px}.footer-logo{font:500 29px var(--heading);letter-spacing:.07em}.footer-logo span{color:#a7a98c}.footer-grid p{max-width:340px;margin:21px 0 0;color:#b0b8ac;font-size:13px;line-height:2}.footer-grid>div:not(:first-child){display:flex;flex-direction:column;gap:12px}.footer-grid strong{font-size:13px;font-weight:600;letter-spacing:.08em;margin-bottom:11px}.footer-grid a:not(.footer-logo){color:#b9c0b5;font-size:13px;transition:color .2s}.footer-grid a:not(.footer-logo):hover{color:white}.footer-bottom{display:flex;justify-content:space-between;align-items:center;border-top:1px solid #465146;padding-top:25px;gap:20px}.footer-bottom small{color:#b8c0b6;font-size:12px}.back-top{color:#e6e8df;font-size:12px}
/* Long form editorial pages */
.article-page{padding-bottom:100px}.breadcrumb{display:flex;align-items:center;flex-wrap:wrap;gap:13px;color:#7a7d73;padding:40px 0 0;font-size:12px}.breadcrumb a{color:var(--olive-dark)}.breadcrumb a:hover{text-decoration:underline}.breadcrumb span:last-child{color:#72756b}.article-intro{text-align:center;max-width:910px;margin:75px auto 60px}.article-overline{justify-content:center;gap:28px;font-size:11px;color:var(--copper);margin-bottom:33px}.article-overline span+span{color:#9a9b90;border-left:1px solid #c9c4b9;padding-left:28px}.article-intro h1{font:500 clamp(42px,5vw,67px)/1.42 var(--heading);letter-spacing:.05em;margin-bottom:30px}.article-intro>p{font-size:16px;line-height:2;max-width:710px;color:#77796f;margin:0 auto 35px}.article-mark{display:flex;gap:24px;justify-content:center;align-items:center;font-size:11px;color:#8c8b7e;letter-spacing:.08em}.article-mark span+span{font:11px Georgia,serif;letter-spacing:.17em}.article-hero{height:clamp(300px,44vw,550px);position:relative;background:#dbd8ca;overflow:hidden}.article-hero img{width:100%;height:100%;object-fit:cover;object-position:center 40%;transition:transform 1s var(--ease)}.article-hero:hover img{transform:scale(1.02)}.article-image-caption{position:absolute;right:25px;bottom:22px;background:#f7f7f0e8;font-size:11px;color:#52604d;padding:10px 17px;letter-spacing:.09em}.article-columns{display:grid;grid-template-columns:minmax(180px,250px) minmax(0,720px);gap:clamp(45px,8vw,130px);justify-content:space-between;padding-top:90px}.article-aside{position:relative;padding-top:12px}.article-aside .aside-heading{display:block;font-size:12px;color:var(--copper);letter-spacing:.18em;margin-bottom:20px}.toc{position:sticky;top:30px;display:grid;gap:0;border-top:1px solid var(--line)}.toc a{display:flex;align-items:flex-start;gap:15px;font-size:12px;line-height:1.75;padding:15px 0;color:#72776c;border-bottom:1px solid var(--line);transition:color .2s,padding .2s}.toc a:hover,.toc a.current{color:var(--olive-dark);padding-left:5px}.toc span{font:11px Georgia,serif;color:var(--copper);padding-top:3px}.aside-quote{font:italic 21px/1.9 var(--heading);color:#929588;margin-top:60px;padding-left:20px;border-left:2px solid #b1bba7}.article-body{min-width:0}.opening-statement{padding:10px 0 58px;border-bottom:1px solid var(--line)}.quote-mark{font:65px/1 Georgia,serif;color:#b1bda6}.opening-statement h2{font:500 clamp(28px,3vw,39px)/1.6 var(--heading);margin-bottom:25px;letter-spacing:.035em}.opening-statement p{font-size:16px;color:#77796d;line-height:2.2}.essay-section{padding-top:67px;padding-bottom:40px;border-bottom:1px solid var(--line);scroll-margin-top:30px}.essay-count{color:var(--copper);font:12px Georgia,serif;letter-spacing:.13em;margin-bottom:24px}.essay-section h2{font:500 clamp(26px,2.55vw,36px)/1.55 var(--heading);margin-bottom:27px;letter-spacing:.025em}.essay-section p{font-size:16px;line-height:2.25;color:#5a5e55;margin:0 0 24px;letter-spacing:.009em}.essay-section p:last-child{margin-bottom:6px}.reference-notes{background:#ecede5;margin-top:74px;padding:44px 44px 36px}.reference-header span{color:var(--copper);font:11px Georgia,serif;letter-spacing:.2em}.reference-header h2{font:500 31px/1.5 var(--heading);margin:12px 0 31px}.reference-notes dl{margin:0}.reference-notes dl>div{display:grid;grid-template-columns:minmax(80px,130px) 1fr;gap:20px;border-top:1px solid #d4d8cd;padding:17px 0}.reference-notes dt{font-size:13px;color:var(--olive-dark);font-weight:600}.reference-notes dd{color:#626b5e;font-size:13px;line-height:1.95;margin:0}.continue-reading{margin-top:85px}.continue-reading h2{font:500 32px/1.5 var(--heading);margin:0 0 28px}.related-list{display:grid;grid-template-columns:1fr 1fr;gap:0 24px}.related-list a{border-top:1px solid var(--line);padding:17px 0;display:flex;align-items:center;justify-content:space-between;font-size:14px;transition:padding .2s,color .2s}.related-list a:hover{color:var(--olive-dark);padding-left:7px}.related-list a span:last-child{color:var(--copper)}.error-page{max-width:610px;margin:clamp(80px,15vh,200px) auto;padding:40px 24px;text-align:center}.error-page>span{font:100px Georgia,serif;color:var(--olive)}.error-page h1{font:500 35px var(--heading)}.error-page p{color:var(--muted);margin:22px auto 30px}.error-page .primary-link{margin:0 8px 12px 0}.error-page .text-link{margin-left:10px}
@media (max-width:1100px){.home-cover{gap:40px;min-height:570px}.cover-visual{min-height:520px}.home-cover h1{font-size:clamp(43px,5vw,63px)}.feature-story{min-height:520px}.feature-media{min-height:520px}.feature-content{padding:45px}.article-columns{gap:55px;grid-template-columns:210px minmax(0,1fr)}.topic-card{padding:24px}.topic-card h3{font-size:22px}}
@media (max-width:850px){.masthead-top{min-height:78px}.menu-button{display:flex}.top-meta{display:none}.main-nav{display:none;border-top:1px solid var(--line)}.main-nav.open{display:block}.nav-inner{padding-block:15px;display:grid;grid-template-columns:1fr 1fr;gap:4px 14px}.nav-link{padding:11px 9px}.nav-link::after{display:none}.nav-link.active{background:#e8eade}.home-cover{grid-template-columns:1fr 1fr;gap:28px;padding-block:38px 60px}.cover-visual{min-height:430px}.eyebrow{margin-bottom:0}.chapter-tag{margin-top:32px}.cover-index{padding-top:24px}.hero-actions{gap:16px}.home-cover h1{font-size:clamp(40px,5.3vw,55px)}.hero-intro{font-size:14px;line-height:1.9}.intro-grid{gap:45px}.editorial-intro{padding-block:60px 85px}.feature-story{margin-bottom:95px}.feature-content{padding:30px}.feature-content h2{font-size:34px}.theme-index{padding-bottom:100px}.topic-grid{grid-template-columns:repeat(2,minmax(0,1fr))}.topic-card,.topic-card-4,.topic-card-5{grid-column:auto;min-height:310px}.topic-card:last-child{grid-column:span 2;min-height:220px}.double-feature{margin-bottom:90px}.article-columns{grid-template-columns:1fr;gap:42px;padding-top:60px}.article-aside{display:none}.article-intro{margin:65px auto 48px}.article-body{max-width:760px;margin:auto}.article-hero{height:430px}}
@media (max-width:640px){:root{--gutter:20px}.brand-mark{width:44px;height:44px;font-size:16px}.brand-descriptor strong{font-size:18px}.brand-descriptor small{font-size:8px}.masthead-top{min-height:70px}.home-cover{grid-template-columns:1fr;gap:35px;padding-top:30px;padding-bottom:65px}.cover-copy{padding:0}.eyebrow{font-size:9px}.chapter-tag{margin-top:30px;margin-bottom:14px}.home-cover h1{font-size:clamp(43px,10.5vw,61px);margin-bottom:20px}.hero-intro{max-width:510px}.hero-actions{margin-top:4px}.cover-index{margin-top:22px;padding-top:0}.cover-visual{min-height:0;aspect-ratio:4/3}.cover-visual img{position:absolute}.editorial-intro{padding:45px 0 70px}.section-top{margin-bottom:28px}.intro-grid{grid-template-columns:1fr;gap:0}.intro-grid h2{font-size:43px;margin-bottom:15px}.intro-grid>div{padding-top:0}.intro-grid p{font-size:14px;line-height:2.1}.feature-story{grid-template-columns:1fr;margin-bottom:80px}.feature-media{min-height:0;aspect-ratio:4/3}.feature-content{padding:38px 26px 43px}.feature-content h2,.double-content h2{font-size:35px}.section-heading{display:block;margin-bottom:25px}.section-heading h2{font-size:36px}.section-heading>p{margin-top:17px;max-width:460px}.theme-index{padding-bottom:80px}.topic-grid{grid-template-columns:1fr;gap:12px}.topic-card,.topic-card-4,.topic-card-5,.topic-card:last-child{grid-column:span 1;min-height:0;padding:26px}.topic-card h3{margin:20px 0 12px}.topic-end{padding-top:8px}.double-feature{grid-template-columns:1fr;margin-bottom:70px}.double-visual{min-height:0;aspect-ratio:5/3}.double-content{padding:39px 26px 48px}.closing-note{padding:65px 0 95px}.closing-note h2{font-size:37px}.closing-note p{font-size:14px}.footer-grid{grid-template-columns:1fr 1fr;gap:40px 24px;padding-bottom:50px}.footer-grid>div:first-child{grid-column:span 2}.footer-bottom{align-items:flex-start}.article-page{padding-bottom:75px}.breadcrumb{padding-top:25px;font-size:11px}.article-intro{margin:48px auto 36px;text-align:left}.article-overline{justify-content:flex-start;font-size:9px;gap:15px;margin-bottom:23px}.article-overline span+span{padding-left:15px}.article-intro h1{font-size:clamp(37px,9vw,53px);margin-bottom:20px}.article-intro>p{font-size:14px;line-height:2}.article-mark{justify-content:flex-start;gap:14px;font-size:10px}.article-hero{height:auto;aspect-ratio:4/3}.article-image-caption{font-size:10px;right:12px;bottom:12px}.article-columns{padding-top:43px}.opening-statement{padding-bottom:45px}.opening-statement h2{font-size:30px}.opening-statement p{font-size:14px}.essay-section{padding-top:49px;padding-bottom:25px}.essay-section h2{font-size:28px;margin-bottom:22px}.essay-section p{font-size:15px;line-height:2.1}.reference-notes{margin-top:53px;padding:28px 22px}.reference-header h2{font-size:27px}.reference-notes dl>div{grid-template-columns:1fr;gap:7px;padding:14px 0}.continue-reading{margin-top:63px}.continue-reading h2{font-size:27px}.related-list{grid-template-columns:1fr}.related-list a{font-size:13px}}
@media (max-width:380px){:root{--gutter:16px}.brand-descriptor small{letter-spacing:.1em}.nav-inner{grid-template-columns:1fr 1fr}.nav-link{font-size:12px}.home-cover h1{font-size:42px}.primary-link{gap:20px;padding:13px 16px}.secondary-link{font-size:12px}.topic-card{padding:21px}.article-intro h1{font-size:36px}.article-overline{font-size:8px}.footer-grid{gap:30px 12px}}
@media (prefers-reduced-motion:reduce){html{scroll-behavior:auto}*,*::before,*::after{animation-duration:.01ms!important;transition-duration:.01ms!important;scroll-behavior:auto!important}}
@media print{.masthead,.site-footer,.article-aside,.hero-actions,.menu-button,.continue-reading{display:none!important}body{background:white;color:black}.layout-width{width:100%}.article-hero{height:300px}.article-columns{display:block}.article-body{max-width:none}.essay-section{break-inside:avoid}.home-cover{display:block}.cover-visual{display:none}a{color:inherit!important}}